The growing role of laparoscopic repair in patients with early diagnosed peptic ulcer perforation

Abstract

Objective: Laparoscopy is gaining more importance in emergency abdominal surgery. Peptic ulcer perforation (PUP) constitutes a significant portion of surgical emergencies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the methods and results of patients who underwent surgery due to PUP in our department.
Material and Methods: Patients who were admitted to the hospital in the early period and received Graham-patch (GP) repair due to PUP from January 2009 to January 2013 were divided into two groups as laparoscopic (group L) or open (group O) surgery. Demographic data of the patients, duration of the operation, conversion to open surgery, length of hospital stay, secondary interventions, re-admissions, morbidity and mortality rates were retrospectively evaluated. Patients with conversion to open surgery were included in Group O.
Results: Two hundred and nineteen patients were included in the study, 148 of which were in Group O (including the 47 patients with conversion), and 71 in group L. In patients with early admission, the rate of laparoscopically completed GP was 19.6% in the first year of the study, whereas this rate was 61.8% in the fourth year (p<0.001). The rate of conversion to open surgery was 50% in 2009, and 24.4% in 2012 (p=0.028). Length of hospital stay was shorter in group L (p=0.35). The complication rate was 4.2% in patients who had laparoscopic procedures, and was 6.1% in patients who underwent open surgery (p=0.57). Seventy-three percent (n=11) of re-hospitalized patients in the perioperative period (n=15) were treated conservatively. When costs related to secondary interventions and re-hospitalization were included, there was no significant difference between laparoscopic and open surgery groups in terms of cost (p=0.06).
Conclusion: Laparoscopic surgery for PUP is a reliable method and has been used increasingly over the years in our department. The operative time is longer, the length of hospital stay is shorter, the complication rates are less than open surgery, and the conversion rate is significantly reduced. Laparoscopic GP is feasible in early-admitted patients with PUP, due to the above-mentioned advantages. We believe the rate of conversion to open surgery decreases with increasing experience in laparoscopy.

Due to the retrospective design and anonymized data of patient charts, ethical approval not been questioned.

Written informed consent was obtained from patients who participated in this study.

Externally peer-reviewed.

Concept - M.F.Ç., A.C.D., O.K.; Design - İ.G., M.F.Ç., C.A.; Supervision - C.A., M.G., H.A.; Data Collection and/or Processing - C.A., O.K., İ.G.; Analysis and/or Interpretation - M.G.Ü., M.G., H.A.; Literature Review - İ.G., O.K., M.G.Ü.; Writer - M.F.Ç., A.C.D., M.G.Ü.; Critical Review - A.C.D., M.G., H.A.

No conflict of interest was declared by the authors.

The authors declared that this study has received no financial support.