Etiology and severity features of acute pancreatitis in HIV-positive patients with different immune status
Dmitriy Plotkin1,2
, Umedzhon Gafarov1, Mikhail Reshetnikov1, Sergey Sterlikov3, Elena Bogorodskaya1
1Department of Surgery, Moscow Research and Clinical Center for Tuberculosis Control, Moscow, Russia
2Department of General Surgery, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
3 Federal Monitoring Center for Prevention of Tuberculosis Transmission, Russian Federation Russian Research Institute of Health, Moscow, Russia
Abstract
Objective: Acute pancreatitis is common in HIV-infected patients; however, the causes and severity of pancreatitis in HIV-positive patients have a number of significant features that affect both the severity of destruction of the pancreas and the methods of diagnosis and treatment.
Material and Methods: Anamnestic data, results of diagnosis and treatment of two groups of patients with acute pancreatitis were analyzed. The first group included 79 patients with acute pancreatitis combined with HIV infection who were admitted to the clinic for the period from 2017 to 2021. In people living with HIV, drugs and infectious agents caused acute pancreatitis in 11.4% and 24.1% of the cases, respectively. As our study showed, in patients with normal immune status, the drug etiology of pancreatitis prevailed in the structure of the causes of AP, in patients with immunodeficiency, infectious causes of pancreatitis were dominant.
Results: According to the results of data analysis, it is clear that HIV infection is a factor that makes the course of pancreatitis about two times worse regardless of the presence of immunosuppression. The etiological structure of HIV-associated acute pancreatitis directly depends on the patient’s immune status and differs in many ways from that of HIV-negative patients or patients receiving ART.
Conclusion: The severity of the disease and the risk of death remain high in acute pancreatitis caused by infectious agents against the background of immunosuppression.
Keywords: Acute pancreatitis, HIV-infection, antiretroviral therapy, immune status, SAPS II
Cite this article as: Plotkin D, Gafarov U, Reshetnikov M, Sterlikov S, Bogorodskaya E. Etiology and severity features of acute pancreatitis in HIV-positive patients with different immune status. Turk J Surg 2023; 39 (1): 76-82.
This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Moscow Research and Clinical Center for TB Control (Protocol No: 325, Date: 13.05.2022).
Externally peer-reviewed.
Concept – DP, UG, EB; Design - UG, SS, MR; Supervision - DP, SS, MR, EB; Funding – UG, DP, EB; Materials - UG, SS; Data Collection and/or Processing - DP, MR; Analysis and/or Interpretation - DP, UG, SS; Literature Review - DP, MR, EB; Writer- UG; Critical Review - EB, SS, DP.
The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.
The authors declared that this study has received no financial support.