Abstract
Hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma is a rare malignancy arising from the vascular endothelial cells within the liver. The clinical manifestations are nonspecific, ranging from complete absence of symptoms to hepatic failure and death. Because the disease is rare, there is no clearly established therapeutic algorithm. Hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma seems to be resistant to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Either surgical resection or orthotopic liver transplantation is generally recommended as a curative treatment for this disease. However, in patients who have multifocal or diffuse enlargement, liver resection is frequently futile. We herein present a case with irresectable and metastatic hepatic hemangioendothelioma who underwent orthotopic liver transplantation and survived for 4 years.
Keywords:
Hepatic hemangioendothelioma, liver transplantation, liver tumor
References
1Weiss SW, Enzinger FM. Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma: a vascular tumor often mistaken for carcinoma. Cancer 1982; 50:970–981. doi:10.1002/ 1097-0142(19820901)50:5<970::AIDCNCR2820500527>3.0.CO;2-Z
2Ishak KG, Sesterhenn IA, Goodman ZD, et al. Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma of the liver: a clinicopathologic and follow-up study of 32 cases. Hum Pathol 1984; 15:839–852. doi:10.1016/ S0046-8177(84)80145-8
3Hertl M, Cosimi AB. Liver transplantation for malignancy. Oncologist 2005; 10:269–281. doi:10.1634/theoncologist.10-4-269
4Mehrabi A, Kashfi A, Fonouni H, et al. Primary malignant hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma: A comprehensive review of the literature with emphasis on the surgical therapy. Cancer 2006; 107:2108–2121. doi:10.1002/cncr.22225
5Akyol G, Akyürek N, Boyacıoğlu ZM, Günel N, Akçalı Z. Karaciğerde bir epiteloid hemanjioendotelyoma olgusu. A case of epitheloid hemagioendothelioma of the liver. Patoloji Bülteni 2000; 17:112–114.
6Weiss SW, Ishak KG, Dail DH, Sweet DE, Enzinger FM. Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma and related lesions. Semin Diagn Pathol 1986; 3:259–287.
7Lauffer JM, Zimmermann A, Krabenbuhl L, et al. Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma of the liver. Cancer 1996; 78:2318–2327.
8Makhlouf H, Ishak K, Goodman Z. Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma of the liver. Cancer 1999; 85:562–582. doi:10.1002/ (SICI)1097-0142(19990201)85:3<562::AIDCNCR7>3.0.CO;2-T
9Ramani P, Bradley NJ, Fletcher CD. QBEND/10, a new monoclonal antibody to endothelium: assessment of its diagnostic utility in paraffin sections. Histopathology 1990; 17:237–242. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2559.1990.tb00713.x
10Tsuneyoshi M, Dorfman HD, Bauer TW. Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma of bone: a clinicopathologic, ultrastructural, and immunohistochemical study. Am J Surg Pathol 1986; 10:754–64. doi:10.1097/00000478-198611000-00002
11Idılman R, Dokmeci A, Beyler AR, et al. Successful medical treatment of an epithelioid hemangioendothelioma of the liver. Oncology 1997; 54:171–175.
12Roudier-Pujol C, Enjolras O, Lacronique J, et al. Multifocal epithelioid hemangioendothelioma with partial remission after interferon alfa-2a treatment. Ann Dermatol Venereol 1994; 121:898–904.
13Bancel B, Patricot LM, Coillon P, et al. Hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma. A case with liver transplantation. Review of the literature. Ann Pathol 1993; 13:23–28.
14Akça S, Süleymanlar I, Dinçer D, et al. Hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma treated with orthotopic liver transplantation: a case report. Turk J Gastroenterol 2002; 13:221–225.
15Nudo CG, Yoshida EM, Bain VG, et al. Liver transplantation for hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma: the Canadian multicentre experience. Can J Gastroenterol 2008; 22:821–824.
16Lerut JP, Orlando G, Adam R, et al; European Liver Transplant Registry. The place of liver transplantation in the treatment of hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma: Report of the European liver transplant registry. Ann Surg 2007; 246:949–957. doi:10.1097/ SLA.0b013e31815c2a70
17Rodriguez JA, Becker NS, O’Mahony CA, Goss JA, Aloia TA. Long-term outcomes following liver transplantation for hepatic hemangioendothelioma: The UNOS experience from 1987 to 2005. J Gastrointest Surg 2008; 12:110–116. doi:10.1007/s11605-007-0247-3
18Lerut JP, Orlando G, Sempoux C, et al. Hepatic haemangioendothelioma in adults: Excellent outcome following liver transplantation. Transpl Int 2004; 17:202–207. doi:10.1007/s00147-004-0697-4
19Ben-Haim M, Roayaie S, Ye MQ, et al. Hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma: Resection or transplantation, which and when? Liver Transpl Surg 1999; 5:526–531. doi:10.1002/lt.500050612